Chapter 5  Expository Writing

 

 

Expository writing                                                      -gives information or     

  explains.

-should be concise

 (clear).

 

Your writing should be

organized by                                                               -arranging steps in the

 order they would be performed.

-listing facts in order of    

 importance.

 

Process                                                                       -a step by step way of

 doing something.

 

Details are                                                                  -facts, reasons,

 examples, and statistics(FREDS).

-found in the body of your report.

-a statistic = a number

 Ex. 15%; 2 out of 5 

  students; 29.5 thousand  people

 

A reason                                                                     -answers the question   

                                                                                    WHY?

-The answer often begins with  

  because.

 

Five types of expository writing                                1. how to do or make

                                                                                        something

2. how something works

3. what something is

4. how things are alike/different

5. why something happens

 

How to do or make something/

How something works                                                - step by step process

- put in order; make it clear

- use transition words

ex. first, next, then, while, finally

 

What something is                                                     - definition

- explain

 

 

How things are alike /different                                  - alike(compare)

                                                                                    -different(contrast)

                                                                                    -words often used are the

                                                                                     adjectives more,

                                                                                     most, less, least

 

Why something happens                                            - cause and effect

- the cause = the reason

- the effect = the result

ex. We got 10 inches of snow,

so we did not have school.

- do not use false cause and effect relationships

ex. We got 10 inches of snow, we went swimming.

           

When writing a report                                                - choose a topic you care about

- narrow down the topic so you can cover it completely

- get information from several sources

-make sure you know whom

 your audience will be

- put quotes around information you take from a published source

 

Sources you can use for your research report         - magazines, computers, videos,

 almanacs,  atlas, encyclopedias, and  books

- primary sources = people close to the event you are researching or original material you study

- secondary sources = books, magazines, or another writer who gathered information

 

If you interview someone for your report                 - find an expert on the subject

  you are researching

- This would be a primary source. Ex. You are doing your report on hurricanes,

  so you interview someone who experienced a hurricane.

- prepare questions in advance.

- Open-ended questions are the best; they have more than a one word answer.

- Immediately after the interview, write out your notes. This way the interview is still fresh in your mind.

 

All research papers have                                           - a thesis statement

- It is a simple statement that tells the main idea you want your readers to understand.

- tells what you want to show, prove, or explain

- gives your report focus

- list ideas to support the thesis statement

- form an outline and organize you details

 

Every report has                                                        - three parts

- 1st = introduction = sparks reader’s interest

- 2nd = body = develops the topic at least one paragraph for each main idea in your outline

- 3rd = conclusion = summarizes the topic, states your final thoughts on the topic, wraps it up

 

It is important to                                                        - make sure your report

  kept your purpose in mind:

  inform, persuade, entertain,

  and describe

- double check details; dates, names, quotations, and numbers should be correct

- include graphics, pictures, and a cover